Read Iran's Deadly Ambition Online
Authors: Ilan Berman
Iran's Deadly Ambition (40 page)
Sierra Leone,
143
al-Sisi, Abdel Fattah,
31–32
al-Sistani, Ali,
61
Slovakia,
75
Soviet Union, collapse of,
83
,
88
,
162
space launches,
18
Spain, Hezbollah terrorist attacks in,
73
Spiegel, Der
,
74
Stars (malware),
150
Strait of Hormuz,
19
Straw, Jack,
66
Stuxnet (malware),
148–50
Sunni Islam: in Bahrain,
32
; in Iraq,
60
; Islamic State and,
47
; in Saudi Arabia,
24
; in Yemen,
36
Supreme Council of Cyberspace,
157–58
,
159
Supreme National Security Council,
8
Syria: Alawite community,
39
; Arab Spring protests in,
38
; arms sales to,
103
; as “axis of resistance” partner,
38–39
,
41–42
; Internet surveillance in,
152
; Iran-Hamas relations and,
55–56
,
58
; Iranian support of,
6
,
38–42
,
50
,
152
; Islamic State expansion in,
45–46
,
47
; Israeli attacks on,
102
; media coverage of,
35
; North Korea–Iran alliance and,
102
; nuclear facilities in,
102
; sanctions against,
40
; Shia communities,
39
; Venezuela-Iran alliance and,
113
Syrian Civil War,
38
; Iranian humanitarian aid during,
39
; IRGC involvement in,
39–41
; Islamic State intervention in,
46
; U.S. foreign policy and,
94
Szubin, Adam,
114
Taepodong missile series (North Korea),
99
Tahrir Square (Cairo, Egypt),
27
tantalum resources,
117
Tbilisi (Georgia),
87
Tehran (Iran),
104
Tehran Stock Exchange,
4
Tehran Times
,
77
Telecommunications Company of Iran (TCI),
158
terrorism, Iranian sponsorship of: in Asia,
103–4
; domestic infrastructure for,
48–49
; Egypt-Iran relations and,
29
; in Europe,
72–75
; Iran-Iraq War and,
22
; in Latin America,
116
,
122–23
,
124
,
127
; Obama administration and,
6
; by proxy,
22
,
24
; scope of,
49–50
; in U.S.,
127–28
.
See also
Hamas
;
Hezbollah
thorium resources,
117
Timerman, Héctor,
124
Togo,
135
torture,
71
Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT),
68
Tri-Border Area (South America),
110
,
122
Trojan horses,
148
Tunisia, Arab Spring protests in,
27
,
28
,
38
al-Turabi, Hassan,
133
UAVs.
See
unmanned aerial vehicles
United Arab Emirates,
153–54
United Nations,
68
,
85
,
113
; Ahmadinejad speech at,
24
,
123
; Rouhani attendance at,
165
United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development (Rio de Janeiro),
120
United Nations Panel of Experts,
105
United Nations Security Council,
68
,
86
,
135
United States: and Afghanistan, withdrawal from,
80–81
; arms sales of,
145
; Asia/Pacific foreign policy tilt of,
93–94
; blogosphere in,
159
; China-Iran relations and,
95
,
98
; cyber attacks in,
152
,
153–54
,
155
; cyber espionage virus developed by,
151
; Iran-based terrorist plots in,
127–28
; Iranian conflict with,
9
; Iranian nuclear scientist assassination and,
104
; Iranian proxy terrorism against,
142
,
143
; Iraq War,
50
; Latin America–Iran alliances and,
110
,
114
,
116
,
118
,
125–30
; Lebanese proxy attacks against,
49
; navy of,
34
,
155
; North Korea–Iran alliance and,
102
; North Korean threats against,
98
; as P5+1 member,
1
,
163
; perceptions of, as strategically weak,
168–69
; relations with Azerbaijan,
88
; relations with Egypt,
31
; relations with Russia,
86
,
94
; relations with Saudi Arabia,
96
; sanctions imposed by,
2
,
67
,
82
,
90
,
96
,
112–13
,
119–20
,
134
,
163
; SCO and diminution of Central Asian influence,
80
; Syrian/Iranian “axis of resistance” against,
38–39
,
41–42
; war on terror,
45
,
49
,
50
,
67
United States Central Command,
53
United States Congress,
128–29
,
163
United States Government Accountability Office,
129
United States Senate,
151–52
United States State Department,
3
,
46–47
,
52–53
,
129
United States Treasury Department,
90
,
113–14
University of Connecticut,
137
University of Michigan,
157
University of Toronto,
8
Univision (Spanish-language TV network),
128
unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs),
40
,
113
Uruguay,
115
Vahidi, Ahmad,
140
Védrine, Hubert,
66
Velayat-e Faqih
(rule of the jurisprudent),
14
Velayati, Ali Akbar,
28
Victoria
(ship),
58
violence, economy of,
22
virtual private networks (VPNs),
158
Wall Street Journal
,
4–5
,
39–40
,
53
Washington Free Beacon
,
100
weapons of mass destruction (WMDs),
105
weblogs,
159–60
Weymouth, Lally,
149
WikiLeaks,
140
Wiper (malware),
151
World Bank,
122
World Nuclear Association,
139
World Wide Web,
44
Wu Shengli,
97
Yanukovych, Viktor,
85
Yarmouk Industrial Complex (Khartoum, Sudan), Israeli bombing of,
131–32
Yasir (UAV),
40
Yazdi, Mohammad Taqi Mesbah,
61
Yemen: fighters from, in Syria,
39
; Houthi rebellion in,
35–37
,
50
; Iranian destabilization efforts in,
35–38
,
50
; security challenges in,
35
,
37–38
; Shia insurgents in,
24
,
35–37
Yongbyon (North Korea),
101
,
102
Zanjani, Babak,
90
Zardari, Asif Ali,
106
Zarif, Mohammed Javad,
39
al-Zawahiri, Ayman,
46
Zimbabwe,
139–40
ZTE Corporation,
158